The pipeline for peptide-based oncology therapies is robust and growing, with peptides being developed as direct therapeutics, targeting agents, and vaccines. The unique properties of peptides—high specificity, low toxicity, and synthetic accessibility—make them attractive for cancer therapy.
Peptide therapeutics in oncology include cytotoxic conjugates (peptide-drug conjugates), receptor antagonists, and immune modulators. Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) use targeting peptides to deliver cytotoxic payloads specifically to cancer cells, reducing off-target toxicity. Receptor antagonists block signaling pathways that drive cancer growth. Immune modulators enhance the body's immune response against cancer.
Clinical trials are exploring peptide-based approaches across multiple cancer types. A Phase Ib trial is investigating personalized neoantigen synthetic long peptide vaccines in patients with advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma[reference:127]. A Phase 1b/2 study is assessing neoantigen synthetic long peptide vaccines in patients with solid tumors[reference:128]. PeptiCRAd-1, a novel peptide-guided oncolytic adenoviral immunotherapy, is in clinical evaluation for advanced solid tumors[reference:129].
Peptide vaccines are another promising approach. SurVaxM, a peptide vaccine targeting survivin, is being studied in a Phase 2 trial for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors[reference:130]. A peptide nanovaccine (ONVAX-01) is being evaluated in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody and chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer[reference:131]. These approaches aim to stimulate the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Challenges in peptide oncology include poor oral bioavailability (requiring injection), short half-life (requiring frequent dosing), and limited tumor penetration for some peptides. Research is focused on addressing these challenges through formulation development, peptide engineering, and novel delivery approaches.
At PeptideHub, we support peptide oncology research with custom synthesis of therapeutic peptides, targeting peptides, and peptide-based vaccines. Our capabilities span the full range of peptide synthesis, including modified peptides and conjugates for oncology applications.